Risk Factors

Prostate cancer risk higher for obese men even after benign biopsy

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Obese men were more likely to have precancerous lesions detected in their benign prostate biopsies compared with nonobese men, and they were at a greater risk for subsequently developing prostate cancer, according to a new study.

Skin cancer linked to future risk of other cancers

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White people who have types of skin cancer other than melanoma may be at increased risk of having other forms of cancer in the future, according to a new study.

Certain DNA changes linked to development and lethality of prostate cancer

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A new analysis has found that the loss or amplification of particular DNA regions contributes to the development of prostate cancer, and that patients with two of these DNA changes have a high likelihood of dying from the disease.

Physical activity has no impact on risk of developing in situ breast cancer

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After more than 11 years of following a European cohort of 283,827 women, 1,059 of whom had in situ cancer, the authors of a recently published study found no association between exercise and risk of developing the disease.

First evidence that obesity gene is a risk factor for melanoma is found

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People with particular variations in a stretch of DNA within the FTO gene, called intron 8, could be at greater risk of developing melanoma.

Study drug makes marrow transplant possible in relapsed leukemia

The final data from a phase II study confirmed the high degree of activity of quizartinib in persons with acute myeloid leukemia.

Familial cancer risk not limited to parents' early-onset cancer

Familial cancer risk not limited to parents' early-onset cancer

Elevated familial risk for many cancers even when parents are diagnosed at 70 years or older.

Trastuzumab raises heart risk in older women with breast cancer

Heart failure is relatively common in older women undergoing breast cancer treatment, but trastuzumab therapy appears to raise the risk even more.

Study shows cause of and potential cure for aggressive leukemia

Excessive levels of interleukin-15 initiate large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukemia, but also represent a promising therapeutic target.

High CRP may signal cancer mortality risk

Elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) may be associated with increased mortality from all causes and from cancer, particularly lung cancer.

Study patients need more information on research biopsies

The risks and benefits of biopsies done for research need to be better represented in study protocols and informed consents, say researchers.

RSNA: Breast cancer risk estimates up from repeated prior CT use

RSNA: Breast cancer risk estimates up from repeated prior CT use

Second study shows no increased risk of cancers from screening mammography scatter radiation.

20-year study of Chernobyl cleanup workers provides insight on low-dose radiation risks

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The risk of developing leukemia is significantly increased for the 110,654 workers who helped clean up after the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident. The results of this 20-year study may help scientists to better define the cancer risk associated with low doses of radiation from medical diagnostic radiation procedures.

ONS Connections: Ostomy risk factors and complications predicted by two instruments

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Two new instruments are valid and reliable in identifying risk factors and ostomy complications.

Gene patterns guide prognosis in castration-resistant prostate cancer

Two separate research teams identified genes that can predict outcomes in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

IUD aids treatment of endometrial cancer

An intrauterine device releasing the progestin levonorgestrel was effective therapy for early endometrial cancer in women not fit for surgery.

Deviations from radiation protocols increase the risk of treatment failure and death

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When measures are implemented to ensure that radiation protocols are followed, deviations decrease and overall survival improves in patients with cancer.

Cell stiffness may predict ovarian cancer metastasis

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For ovarian cancer and perhaps other cancer types, cell stiffness may be a useful biomarker to measure relative metastatic potential.

Measuring water in breast tissue may prevent unnecessary biopsies

Assessing how water moves through breast tissue may reduce false-positive findings among women undergoing dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.

Quick survey helps uncover ovarian cancer

A simple three-question survey has been developed to help clinicians identify women who may be experiencing symptoms of ovarian cancer.

New colonoscopy schedule mirrors prior advice

Two of three main recommendations for colonoscopy surveillance are now supported by stronger evidence than they were in 2006.

Genetic markers predict sexual problems after prostate radiation

Researchers have identified 12 genetic markers linked with susceptibility for erectile dysfunction after radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

Special ultrasound device approved for dense breasts

The somo-V Automated Breast Ultrasound System received FDA approval for use in combination with standard mammography in women with dense breast tissue.

Melanoma risk increased for transplant and lymphoma patients

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The immune systems of transplant recipients and lymphoma patients tend to be significantly depressed, making these patients more susceptible to melanoma, according to a review on the role of immunosuppression in melanoma.

Understanding the impact of disparities on cancer care

Understanding the impact of disparities on cancer care By

Learn how patients' perceptions of health care can have a significant influence on the effectiveness of cancer care and patient education.

Meta-analysis confirms sunbed, nonmelanoma skin cancer link

Meta-analysis confirms sunbed, nonmelanoma skin cancer link

Risk higher if indoor tanning starts before 25 years of age.

BRCA gene mutation leads young women to complex decisions about life plans

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Young women who have the BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutation feel differently about their options for relationships, treatment, childbearing, and careers. In this study, researchers evaluated the psychosocial consequences of carrying the BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.

Direct-mail FOBT kits bridge colorectal screening gap

The mailing of fecal occult blood test (FOBT) kits boosted colorectal cancer screening rates in a low-income, racially diverse patient population.

Lying prone may spare heart, lungs in breast radiation

Lying face-down was associated with a reduced amount of irradiated lung and heart during breast cancer treatment compared with lying on the back.

Alcohol-related esophageal cancer risk is reversible

Alcohol-related esophageal cancer risk is reversible

Meta-analysis shows that risk from former drinking diminishes in 16.5 years.

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