Genomics

Genome data set to sharpen endometrial cancer diagnosis and treatment

Findings from a new genome study could enhance current pathology methods in endometrial cancer and help discern types of endometrial tumors.

Prostate cancer driven by periodic bursts of genetic mutations

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Sequencing of 57 prostate cancer genomes found that cancer gains a powerful advantage with abrupt intervals of complex, large-scale DNA reshuffling. This process has been dubbed punctuated cancer evolution.

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Molecular Targets and 
Emerging Options for Care

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Molecular Targets and 
Emerging Options for Care

This activity from myCME offers a review of groundbreaking molecular research and novel treatment options for patients with NSCLC.

Genotype testing not warranted

Genotype testing not warranted By

Is CYP2D6 genotyping for tamoxifen (Nolvadex) sensitivity before use of the drug beneficial?

New gene mutations raise colorectal cancer risk

Mutations in four genes never before associated with colorectal cancer have been found to raise a person's risk for the disease by up to 40%.

ONS addresses cancer genetics in oncology nursing

ONS addresses cancer genetics in oncology nursing By

A new position statement from the Oncology Nursing Society urges oncology nurses to incorporate new genomic information into practice and patient education.

New chromosomal mechanism contributes to cancer evolution

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A new study demonstrated the existence of new fragile genomic sites responsible for chromosomal alterations in tumors.

Genomic sequencing identifies mutant 'drivers' of meningioma brain tumors

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Large-scale genomic sequencing has revealed two DNA mutations that appear to drive about 15% of brain tumors known as meningiomas.

Genetic mutation for solitary fibrous tumor identified

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A novel genetic anomaly was identified in a 44-year-old woman with solitary fibrous tumor. This anomaly provides an important clue to improving how this cancer is diagnosed and treated.

Epigenomic abnormalities predict survival of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma

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Abnormal epigenetic changes can change the expression of genes. Researchers hope to control the harmful epigenomic changes to turn down cancer itself or perhaps sensitize cancers to existing drugs.

T-ALL leukemia found to differ between adults and children

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) in adults has significantly more mutations than does T-ALL in children, scientists have discovered.

Gene expression improves definition of hormone-sensitive breast cancer subtype

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The definition of hormone-sensitive breast tumors known as luminals has been changed by a recent study.

New genomic tests improve accuracy of breast cancer diagnosis

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The latest generation of genomic tests for breast cancer can improve physicians' ability to diagnose the disease and more precisely tailor each patient's treatment. This study examined the first commercially available genomic tests.

Annual report highlights 2012 cancer advances

The American Society of Clinical Oncology has released a nearly 100-page report detailing the year's most significant developments in cancer.

Investigational drug is active against the most resistant types of chronic myeloid leukemia

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A previously invincible mutation in chronic myeloid leukemia has been thwarted by the investigational drug, ponatinib, in a phase I clinical trial.

Blood test paired with gene sequencing to detect cancer

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The ability to detect cancer DNA in the blood has been combined with genome sequencing technology in a test that could be used to screen for cancers, monitor cancer patients for recurrence, and find residual cancer left after surgery.

Gene therapy safely increased saliva flow after head and neck cancer

A small study showed the safety of using gene therapy in the salivary gland to repair damage caused by radiation for head and neck cancer.

Abnormal gene that launches rare childhood leukemia is identified

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A fusion gene that is responsible for 30% of a rare subtype of childhood leukemia with an extremely poor prognosis has been identified. This finding offers the first evidence of a mistake that gives rise to a significant percentage of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia cases in children.

Genome sequencing reveals mutation unique to Burkitt lymphoma

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The first broad genetic landscape map of a Burkitt lymphoma tumor has identified 70 mutations, including several not previously associated with cancer and a new one that is unique to the disease.

Drug combo shows promise in triple-negative breast cancer

Combining a PI3K inhibitor with a PARP inhibitor may be an effective therapy for triple-negative breast cancer, researchers have determined.

All PARP inhibitors not created equal in terms of PARP-trapping power

Research findings indicate that PARP inhibitors vary from one another in their ability to trap PARP proteins.

Gene patterns guide prognosis in castration-resistant prostate cancer

Two separate research teams identified genes that can predict outcomes in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

New prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic target identified for adult B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia

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Research into the aggressive behavior of certain adult B-acute lymphoblastic leukemias has yielded a potential new prognostic biomarker and a promising new therapeutic target.

Study provides insight into the progression and invasiveness of ductal breast cancer

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Despite an enormous degree of intercellular heterogeneity in both ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive ductal carcinoma, recurrent patterns of genomic imbalances determine the evolution from noninvasive to invasive disease in most cases.

Similarities in genetic features indicate potential benefit of ovarian tumor treatments for some breast cancers

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The basal-like subtype of breast cancer shares many genetic features with high-grade serous ovarian cancer. These findings suggest that these two cancers are of similar molecular origin, so it may facilitate comparing therapeutic data for subtypes of breast and ovarian cancers.

Genetic markers predict sexual problems after prostate radiation

Researchers have identified 12 genetic markers linked with susceptibility for erectile dysfunction after radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

Study is the first to report whole genome sequencing findings in paired tumor/normal samples

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The report found multiple potential therapeutic targets in three case studies, highlighting the need to study the full spectrum of the genome. It also re-emphasizes the need to develop multiple avenues of therapeutics that match the specific medical challenges of each patient.

Melanoma cells stay active by staying in the dark about drug damage

Melanoma cells are able to build up tolerance to chemotherapy by means of a genetic pathway that inhibits their detection of DNA damage.

HER2 breast cancer may respond to PARP inhibitors

PARP inhibitors may be a novel treatment strategy for women with HER2-positive breast cancers, researchers have found.

Potential targets to treat squamous cell lung cancer

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Many potential targets for squamous cell lung cancer (SCLC) have been identified by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The study involved a team of researchers from throughout the United States, plus the British Columbia Cancer Agency in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

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